Unit+3

The Growth of Cotton Farming, Slavery, & Plantations
The southern economy depended on cotton, slaves, and plantations. Although most of the population didn't own any of this, their jobs and lives revolves around it. Outside forces helped this as well. As the North and England's textile industry prices soared so cotton production soared. It was capitalism emerging in the south. Large planters wee becoming wealthy aristocrats, with property9land and slaves) as their capitol
 * southern economy grew, not developed
 * depended on slave labor and large planations
 * Short Staple Cotton and cotton gin changed southern economy, no longer depended on tobacco
 * cotton gin, made production go faster and smoother
 * by 1820, south produced 500,00 bales of cotton a yr. by 1850 3mill bales a yr. by 1860 5mill bales a yr.
 * cotton was 2/3 the export trade in us---> earned $200 billion a yr
 * slavery shifted from to lower south(cotton states) 410,000 slaves moved from upper to cotton states
 * demand of cotton caused the smuggling of lave trade all the way up to the 1850s

**Social Structure of Southern Society**
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Chapter 12 Preview
Antebellum Culture and Reform Antebellum(time before war- in us history it is most likely referring to 30 to 40 yrs before the civil war 1820-60s)
 * Romanticism - movement in Europe and America
 * Temperance Movement - banned alcohol
 * Horace man - made attendance in schools mandatory in MA-transformed public school system
 * transcendentalism - outside view of world - try to understand life - philosophy - spiritual experiences
 * Civil Disobedience- if the govt

Temperance Movement
PROS CONS
 * release of stress (relaxation)
 * tastes good
 * something people have in common=closer relationship
 * expensive
 * unawareness (abuse family, etc.)
 * kills brain cells
 * addiction (alcoholism)

I think alcohol should be legal as long as their is an age restriction. I think that it should be 18 years old, not 21, because that is what it in most other countries. America is a free count and just because something isn't god for you doesn't mean it should be outlawed. Cigarettes are even worse and their legal. Also people wouldn't stop drinking it if it was outlawed. Even during the temperance movement people broke the law. It's never going to stop so their is no point of forcing people to do it illegally. People should have the choice whether to drink or not, not the government making the choice for them.

In 1919, the 18th amendment of the constitution was passed which outlawed alcohol production in the us (selling, making, distributing). A black market emerged, people would go to any level for alcohol. So, it was a failure, overall. In 1933, 21st amendment repealed he 18th amendment.

prohibition-the outlaw of alcohol - not the temperance movement - different era temperance- discipline, moderation (not prohibition) - women led the temperance movement (married) - domestic violence, spending all the family's money, affected work performance (loss of job and production)



This political cartoon depicts what is supposed to happen when you drink to much. You start out with just one glass which leads to another until your drunk. Then you become rebellious and then drunk with friends. Then your downfall begins. First you spend all your money on alcohol and you lose your friends. This leads to sickness and addiction which lead to crime, your only way to attain the alcohol. Finally this leads to your death or suicide. Inside the arc shows the man's family desperate and abandoned. I think the purpose of this carton was to scare the men who were heavy drinkers, trying to show the possible consequences for drinking to much and their eventual downfall.



This picture depicts a group of women holding up a sign that reads, "Lips that touch liquor, shall not touch ours." During the reform movement and temperance movement, women played a big role because they were usually the victims. Their husbands would drink which would lead them to abusing their families and spending all the family's money. Th women in this picture are trying to send the message that they won't be with men that drink to much. They want the men to be frightened by this and eventually stop. This was a message than action though, because women still got married if their husbands drank or not.

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Chapter 13 MAPS
pg 340 Expanding Settlement, 1810-1850 pg. 345 Western Trails in 1860 pg. 347 The Oregon Boundary, 1846 pg.349 Mexican War pg. 354- Slave and Free Territories Under the Compromise of 1850
 * half of the current us territory was unsettled at this point in time. From before 1800 and 1850,White Settlement increased westward, gradually. America had acquired a lot of land, like the Louisiana territory, but had not actually settled there yet. A few areas in the far west had been settled, but were very isolated. This could of been groups of people trying to start communities westward. They would of had to be wealthy in order to survive in such isolated conditions.
 * as America developed, expansion west continued. Trails like the Oregon and Californian Trail led people to settlement in the same palaces. Cities grew along these trails and people didn't wander far off. They were ore used for trade through thew west and east. These trails created the major western cities of today like Los Angeles, Portland, Salt Lake City, and Santa Fe.
 * the Oregon Boundary was fought over by Great Britain and America in the 1800s. It was back and forth battle, even though it was still part of Mexico in 1846. Some Americans were willing to go to war for claim of the land. Most of it seemed to be in the hands of the US though, and as settlers in the area increased, they eventaully took over. This was the situation for many other american claimes western territories. The more americans expanding, and Britain not wanting a war. caused them to win Oregon in the end.
 * America and Mexico had a war about the claim of California and the boundary line between Texas and Mexico. America used it's navy to capture the pacific coast as well as Mexico city, the center of the country, as well as the capitol. Mexicans only won one battle during the entire war, which was short. The map shows how Americans attacked on Mexican turf, so as they won, they took over and created the Mexican surrender.
 * the compromise of 1850 nullified the Missouri comp line
 * the deeper you go in the south, the percentage of slaves in creases
 * in south Carolina 57.5 of pop was slaves (most of all states)
 * Utah and new Mexico territory open to slavery by popular sovereignty

2010 DBQ

 * In John Wintrop's "A Modell of Christian Charity, 1630," it is evident that the people of puritan society in Massachusetts valued unity because of their close knit religoun in such a small community.
 * A typical town map of colonial new england indicated that the community was united and close knit because colonists' houses were built close together and the church and other public buildings in the center.
 * From "The Enlarged Salem Covenant of 1636," it is clear that puritan life consisted of highly religious people who "in public or private, we will willingly do nothing to the offence of the church."
 * In William Bradford's "After the colonists' attack on the Pequot Mystic River village, 1637" the colonists used religion to justify all their actions including killing the native Americans, writing that God "had wrought so wonderfully for them, thus to enclose their enemies in their hands."
 * In "A statement about Education in New England, 1643", colonists valued the importance of education so their society and valued will carry on when "our present ministers shall lie in the dust."
 * In Roger William's work titled 'A Plea for Religious Liberty, 1644,' showed that colonists in puritan society were somewhat tolerant of their christian society because they were fearful without tolerable conditions civil war would break out in Massachusetts.

Chapter 14 Questions
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free labor idoleogy- you can choose your labor efforts RECONSTRUCTION- 1865-1877 1877-1954- sfter reconstruction ended in 1877, south made no progress once the union troops were removed, "redeemers"-gaind were"put off" for about another 100 years

The civil war was worth it becvause it ended slavery. Every other country in the world had abolished slavery at this point besides America. It everntually would of had to happen, so the earlier the better. Some may say that 500,000 americans died and the southern economy didn't get back on track for about 100 years,The south wqould need to change it's economy because they couldn't depend n slavery forever. A war was needed because slavery has no real compromse, For example the Missouri Compromise and the Compromise of 1850 ended up failing after a period time, they shouldn't be permanent, because even with a compromise, issues continued. You either have it or you don't I don't think it woukld have gone gradually because the system was working well, as loing as the south was making maoney, they were not willing to change everything.

Amalia: To an extent the civil war was worth it because it abolished slavery, bt the slaves were abandoned by the governemetn and weren't consider equal until the mid 20th century.

Stevie: It was worth it because it would eventualy happen because the north and south were so different and if it didn't happen America would not develop in society and economics.